Saudi Arabia Trials Indoor 5G That Works for Every Network

Saudi Arabia has completed its pilot of indoor 5G standalone coverage using shared spectrum across all major mobile operators. The deployment took place in cooperation with Nokia, ACES NH, the Communications, Space and Technology Commission, and service providers Mobily and Zain KSA.

The trial used 4.0-4.1 GHz sharable indoor spectrum combined with active network sharing, allowing one system to serve multiple networks. The setup eliminates the need for separate 4G anchors and duplicate equipment inside buildings, while early modelling shows cost savings of more than 60%. The approach also reduces carbon emissions per gigabyte and is designed to extend service to low- and mid-traffic sites.

Nokia provided its Shikra radio units and software, enabling gigabit-class speeds across multistorey buildings while offering the flexibility to host both public and enterprise 5G on the same infrastructure. The system’s design allows operators to expand more quickly with lower upfront investment.

Mobile data usage across the region is expected to nearly double by 2030. With 80% of mobile traffic originating indoors, the pilot points to an alternative model for efficient in-building coverage. The project has also been recognised by the Small Cell Forum with a 2025 award for innovation in neutral host models.